Arthurian Timeline
Indicates Jack’s Fiction
| Date | Event | |
|---|---|---|
| -10000/1/1 | First recorded history – Sumeria | |
| -323/1/1 | Alexander dies and the Celts push into Macedonia | |
| -100/1/1 | Caius Juluis Caesar born | |
| -55/1/1 | Julius Caesar lands in Britain with 2 legions and half of Roman Cavalry, not enough troops to subjugate Britain | |
| -44/1/1 | Julius Caesar is stabbed to death behind a theatre. | |
| -30/1/1 | Conor Mac Nessa is King of Ulster | |
| -4/1/1 | Estimated birth of Christ | |
| 9/1/1 | Arminius (Hermann the Cheruscan) obliterates three legions under Quintilius Varus in Germany’s Teutoberger Forest | |
| 30/4/7 | Jesus of Nazareth executed by Pontius Pilate | |
| 38/1/1 | Caligula parades Celtic captives through Rome. | |
| 43/1/1 | Emporer Claudius dispatches troops to conquer Britain | |
| 49/1/1 | Colonia of Camulodonum (Colchester) founded. And Roman expansion starts into Wales | |
| 60/0/0 | Boudican Revolt. Boudica, Queen of the Iceni, burns Colchester (Camulodunum), Londinium, and Verulamium. Boudica was defeated in battle by Suetonius on Watling Street, with massive (18,000) | |
| 64/1/1 | Emperor Nero begins persecution of Christions and Jews | |
| 66/1/1 | One legion (XIV Gemina) withdrawn from Britain. | |
| 82/1/1 | The military governor of Britain, Julius Agricola, presses North to face the last free British Celtic Army. | |
| 98/1/1 | Roman Empire attains largest geographical extent under Emperor Trajan | |
| 122/1/1 | Legio IX Hispana replaced by VI Victrix. | |
| 123/1/1 | Construction of Hadrian’s Wall begins | |
| 165/1/1 | Plague brought by returning armies spreads across Roman Empire and continues for decades | |
| 313/1/1 | Edict of Milan grants toleration to the Christian Church. | |
| 331/1/1 | Seat of Roman Empire moved to Constantinople (formally Byzantium) | |
| 360/1/1 | Huns invade Europe | |
| 361/1/1 | Publius Varrus 18 years old; rescued by Caius on the eastern border of the empire | |
| 364/1/1 | Valentinian and Valens become joint emperors | |
| 365/1/1 | Publius Varrus saves Caius Brittanicus from the Berbers in Africa | |
| 367/10/1 | Publius Varrus wounded in the groin during Invasion | |
| 369/1/1 | Count Theodosius, sent by Valentinian I, clears Britain of invaders and restores the Wall. | |
| 375/1/1 | Death of Valentinian; Gratian becomes co-emperor with Valens | |
| 376/1/1 | The Roman legions suffer their first major defeat at the Battle of Adrianople | |
| 378/4/1 | Caius Brittanicus is appointed Proconsul of Numidia | |
| 378/6/1 | Caius visits Publius in Colchester, mentioning the Bagaudae of Gaul and his own plans for a similar community outside Aquae Sulis | |
| 378/9/1 | Caius Britannicus’s wife, Heraclita, and his three youngest children are lost to pestilence in Africa | |
| 379/1/1 | Theodosius becomes co-emperor with Gratian | |
| 382/7/1 | Varrus mutilates Claudius Seneca and leaves Colchester soon after | |
| 383/10/ | Varrus brings home the skystones from the Mendip Hills | |
| 384/7/1 | Caius and Publius begin training the Colonists formally in the art of soldiering | |
| 386/1/1 | Magnus Maximus invades Italy and is executed by Theodosius | |
| 386/12/1 | Colony strongly established, with 600 soldiers | |
| 387/9/1 | Ullic Pendragon and Caius Brittanicus cement an alliance at Stonehenge | |
| 388/1/1 | Maximus defeated at Aquileia by Theodosius. | |
| 389/3/17 | St. Patrick born in Ireland | |
| 390/3/1 | Varrus sculpts Coventina, “The Lady of the Lake” | |
| 391/12/1 | The Colony has a private army of 1000 men | |
| 392/1/1 | Death of Valentinian II/christianity becomes offical law of rome | |
| 394/7/1 | Saxon and Frankish raiders hit estuary to the north of Camulod | |
| 395/1/1 | Death of Emperor Theodosius, who divides the Roman Empire between Arcadius (and Rufius) in the East, and Honorius (and Stilicho) in the West | |
| 396/1/1 | Claudius Seneca takes Varrus to Londinium; Stilicho exonerates Varrus and sends Seneca to Hadrian’s Wall for frontier duty | |
| 397/1/1 | Roman commander, Stilicho, comes to Britain and repels an attack by Picts, Irish and Saxons | |
| 399/1/1 | First meeting of the Round Council in Camulod, after Vegetius Sulla’s villa is pillaged by Franks | |
| 400/1/1 | Doctrine of Grace contested by Pelagius | |
| 401/1/1 | Merlyn Britannicus born | |
| 401/1/1 | Innocent I becomes bishop of Rome, and, like Damasus I (366-384), is a staunch defender of Rome’s primacy | |
| 401/1/1 | Caius Britannicus, founder of Camulod, dies of stab wounds. | |
| 401/1/1 | Uther Pendragon born(within 1 hour of Merlyn) | |
| 406/1/1 | Constantine III, a usurper, strips Britain of troops for his conquest of Gaul and Spain. | |
| 407/1/1 | The Romans evacuate Britain to defend the motherland | |
| 408/1/1 | Stilicho is framed for trying to usurp the imperial throne and executed by Honorius | |
| 409/9/1 | Uther and Merlyn attacked 20 miles from Camulod ( Eagles Brood Ch.2) | |
| 410/1/1 | Varrus 67 years old; he begins writing the accounts described in “The Skystone” and “The Singing Sword” | |
| 410/1/1 | Visigoths sack Rome after 700 years of war | |
| 412/1/1 | Augustine writes “On the Spirit and the Letter”, condemning Pelagius’ views | |
| 418/1/1 | Pelagian heresy outlawed in Rome | |
| 419/1/1 | Death of Publius Varrus | |
| 424/1/1 | King Athol’s Scots begin gradually migrating to Caledonia | |
| 426/1/1 | Uther and Merlyn find Cassandra while on a raid | |
| 426/1/1 | A few months after Cassandra is secluded in Avalon, Prince Donuil of Eire is taken as an honorable hostage by Merlyn | |
| 426/1/1 | Donuil helps Merlyn rescue Luceiia from the warlocks Caspar and Memnon; Picus’ funeral pyre | |
| 427/1/1 | Loegaire crowned first king of Tara in Ireland. | |
| 428/1/1 | Pelagius dies in the Holy Lands | |
| 429/1/1 | Pelagius is declared a heretic at the First Verulamium Council | |
| 429/8/1 | Death of Cassandra; Merlyn, returning from the Verulamium Council, gets amnesia for 2 years | |
| 430/8/1 | Augustine dies in Hippo | |
| 431/4/1 | Arthur Pendragon born at Tintagel | |
| 431/8/1 | Merlyn bans the Farmers and Artisans from the Round Council | |
| 431/12/1 | Camulod experiences its most harsh winter ever; death of Luceiia | |
| 432/3/1 | Merlyn cements an alliance with Dergyll ap Griffyd and sends Dedalus and 4 squadrons to patrol lower CambriaAzrylar Izarius of the Durmanhoth invades the Kingdom of Erebor under the reign of Azhagzhur the Cruel. | |
| 438/7/1 | Merlyn and Ambrose visit the Saxon Shore and meet Vortigern and Hengist | |
| 439/3/1 | Merlyn realizes he has contracted leprosy. | |
| 439/9/1 | Merlyn and the Secret Colony of 18 people arrive in Ravenglass | |
| 440/1/1 | Leo I becomes bishop of Rome, claiming unprecedented authority as the Supreme Head of all Christendom; he becomes the first “real” pope | |
| 441/1/1 | The two practice skystone swords arrive in Mediobogdum | |
| 441/1/1 | First Saxon revolt in British Isles c. 441/442 | |
| 443/1/1 | Camulod builds a school, and the monastics from Glastonbury Tor begin teaching the children in fall and winter seasons | |
| 444/1/1 | The Children of Garn finish conquering Athol’s kingdom; all of Athol’s people now settled on the coastal islands of Caledonia | |
| 445/1/1 | **Camulod reaches its prime, with a fighting force of 9000** | |
| 445/1/1 | Emperor Valentinian III issues an edict affirming the supremacy of Rome | |
| 446/3/1 | Merlyn abandons Mediobogdum, returning to Camulod | |
| 446/8/1 | The Camulodians and the Pendragon defeat the forces of Ironhair and Carthac in Cambria; Huw Strongarm becomes the first War Chief of the Pendragon since Ullics | |
| 447/1/1 | Second Verulamium Council condemning Pelagius’ teachings | |
| 447/3/1 | Vortigern slain by Horsa | |
| 447/6/1 | Death of Tressa; Meryln becomes “The Sorcerer” | |
| 448/1/1 | Death of St. Germanus in Ravenna | |
| 449/4/1 | 18 year-old Arthur crowned as the Riothamus, High Chief and Spiritual King of the Britons | |
| 455/1/1 | Sack of Rome by Vandals | |
| 457/1/1 | Death of Vortigern | |
| 470/1/1 | Death of the Riothamus (Briton High King) in Gaul | |
| 470/1/1 | Huns leave Europe | |
| 476/1/1 | Roman Empire in the west falls as various “barbarian” kingdoms are established | |
| 480/1/1 | In the 480’s, the venerable Meryln Brittanicus begins writing the accounts described in “The Eagles’ Brood”, “The Saxon Shore”, “The Fort at River’s Bend”, and “Sorcerer: Metamorphosis” | |
| 489/1/1 | Death of Saint Patrick | |
| 529/1/1 | Justinian closes Plato’s Academy as pagan | |
| 530/1/1 | The British monk Gildas writes “Concerning the Ruin of Britain”, in which he describes Vortigern’s pact with the Saxons, various Briton-Saxon battles, and Ambrosius Aurelianus | |
| 542/1/1 | Traditional date of Arthur Pendragon’s death (assigned by Geoffrey of Monmouth) | |
| 594/1/1 | End of plague which began in 542 and “halved” the population of Europe! | |
| 663/1/1 | Council of Whitby, Northumbiran King Oswy supports Roman church | |
| 732/1/1 | Battle of Tours: Charles Martel defeated Saracen invadres, cheching the advance of Islam into Europe | |
| 742/4/2 | Birth of Emperor Charlemagne (Latin: Carolus Magnus meaning Charles the Great) in Aix-la-Chapelle, now Aachen, Germany, king of the Franks 768AD – 814AD. | |
| 800/1/1 | Charlemagne crowned Holy Roman Emperor | |
| 810/1/1 | The Welshman Nennius writes “History of the Britons”, in which he describes Vortigern, Hengist & Horsa, Ambrosius, and King Arthur & his 12 battles | |
| 814/1/28 | Death of Emperor Charlemagne (Latin: Carolus Magnus meaning Charles the Great) in Aix-la-Chapelle, now Aachen, Germany, king of the Franks 768AD – 814AD. | |
| 1136/1/1 | Geoffrey of Monmouth finishes writing “History of the Kings of Britain”, the first “complete” biography of King Arthur: Uther, Ygraine, Gorlois, Bedivere, Kay, Gawain, Gareth, Guinevere, Mordred, Excalibur, Morgan le Fay, and Avalon are introduced. |
|
| 1155/1/1 | Wace completes “The Romance of Brutus”. He introduces the Round Table into the Arthurian drama. | |
| 1180/1/1 | Chretien de Troyes completes his 5-volume Arthurian saga, in which he introduces new characters, places, and themes: Perceval, Lancelot du Lac, Camelot, the Fisher King, the Grail, and the Bleeding Lance | |
| 1195/1/1 | Robert de Boron completes his Arthurian trilogy. He introduces the legend of the Sword in the Stone. | |
| 1235/1/1 | The anonymous 5-volume “Vulgate Cycle” is completed. Galahad is introduced into the Arthurian legend. | |
| 1977/1/1 | Jack Whyte writes the first version of the “Skystone” poem | |
| 1992/1/1 | First edition of Jack Whyte’s novel “The Skystone” published in Canada | |
| 1999/3/17 | Timeline launched on the web site camulod.com | |
| 1999/10/20 | Timeline editing tools completed | |
| 2000/7/29 | Uther editing completed by Jack |